Scientific
Method
- Be able to name the two types of variables in an experiement. Which one do we measure as the
results of the experiment?
- Understand the meaning of these terms:
Observation, experiment, test, hypothesis, theory.
What are the two most important variables in an experiment?
- What is a control group? Why do experiments have
a control group?
- Which has more evidence, a theory or a
hypothesis?
- Who can challenge a scientific hypothesis
- Do all scientists rigidly follow the scientific method
in a step by step manner
- What is the scientific term for an educated guess
Characteristics
of Life
- Know the six characteristics of life
- Be able to define the following terms: cell, plasma
membrane, nucleus, gene, chromosome, DNA
- What are the two types of reproduction?
- Be able to explain the meaning of the terms
heterotroph, autotroph, photosynthesis and chemosynthesis and homeostasis
- Which is more common, photosynthesis or chemosynthesis
- Be able to explain the difference in artificial and
natural selection? Which of these can alter the makeup of a
population?
- Be able to put the following
terms in order from smallest to largest: atom, molecule, cell, tissue,
organ, organ system, individual, population, community, ecosystem, biome,
biosphere
Naming
and Classification
- Who created the scientific method of naming organisms?
What is this method called?
- What are the six kingdoms
- Be able to explain the relationship between genus and
species, domain and kingdom
- What are prokaryotes and eukaryotes? What two kingdoms are prokaryotes?
- Be able to explain what
scientists believe when they talk about Endosymbiosis. What is the evidence for this idea?
Chemistry
of Life
- Which elements are the most common in living organisms?
- What do these terms mean: matter, mass, atom, element,
molecule, valence shell, mixture, compound, acid, base, pH
- Explain how each of these bonds occurs: covalent bond, ionic bond, hydrogen bond
- know the charge and location of each of these subatomic
particles: proton, neutron, electron.
Which particle controls what type of element an atom belongs
to? Which particle determines which
isotope an electron will be? Which
particle controls the charge on an ion?
- What conditions are stable (i.e. “make an atom happy”)
for the outer electron layer
- What do these words mean: solution, solute, solvent,
hydrophilic, hydrophobic
- What unique properties of water make it important for
life
- Be able to explain what a
monomer, dimer, trimer and polymer are. What are the monomers of proteins?
Large
Biological Molecules
- Name the major four major classes of biological
molecules
- What is a polysaccharide? Name three carbohydrate polymers and
know what they are used for
- What are proteins used for? What are they made of?
- Be able to explain the primary, secondary, tertiary and
quaternary structure of a protein
- Which major group do enzymes belong to? How do enzymes work? Are they altered or
used up by a reaction? What is an
active site? What does it mean if
we say an enzyme is “denatured”?
- What are lipids made of
- Are most lipids hydrophilic or hydrophobic. What about phospholipids? Where in cells are phospholipids common?
- What is a fatty acid?
What do the terms saturated and unsaturated mean? What type of bonds
allow unsaturated fatty acids to form?
- Where are sterols/steroids used?
- Where are nucleic acids found?
- What are the two major types of nucleic acids?
- What are the three components found in every nucleic
acid monomer?
- What is ATP?